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Advancement of Sound Science Center
The Advancement of Sound Science Center (TASSC), formerly The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition, is an industry-funded lobby group and crisis management vehicle, and was created in 1993 by Phillip Morris and APCO in response to a 1992 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=US Environmental Protection Agency, "Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking (Also Known as Exposure to Secondhand Smoke or Environmental Tobacco Smoke ETS)" )〕 which identified secondhand smoke as a Group A (i.e. confirmed〔http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancercauses/othercarcinogens/generalinformationaboutcarcinogens/known-and-probable-human-carcinogens〕) human carcinogen. TASSC's stated objectives were to: 1) discredit the EPA report; 2) fight anti-smoking legislation; 3) proactively pass legislation favorable to the tobacco industry. Philip Morris hired APCO Worldwide, a communications consultancy with expertise in crisis management, handling sensitive political issues, lobbying, media relations, coalition building, opinion research, market entry, corporate social responsibility, and online communication. 〔Many APCO executives were previously prominent government officials. APCO’s clientele consists of multi-national corporations, governments, associations and nonprofit organizations.〕 APCO's designed strategies for TASSC aimed at establishing TASSC as "a credible source for reporters when questioning the validity of scientific studies" and to "Encourage the public to question – from the grassroots up – the validity of scientific studies".
==Goals and strategies==
APCO's Philip Morris: Tobacco documents include the section entitled, "Goals and objectives: The overall goals of the media plan are to: (i) raise the awareness level of the use of unsound science in public policy decision making among target audiences; (ii) educate publics on the impact of this issue; and (iii) lay the groundwork and provide an environment for a successful grassroots mobilization effort to assist (the Tobacco Company) Philip Morris with its issues nationally and in target states. The objectives of the media plan are to: 1)Establish TASSC as a credible source for reporters when questioning the validity of scientific studies. Encourage the public to question-from the grassroots up-the validity of scientific studies. Mobilize support for TASSC through alliances with other organizations and third-party allies. Develop materials, including news article reprints, that can be to TASSC audiences. Increase membership in and funding of TASSC. Publicize and refine TASSC messages on an ongoing basis."〔
TASSC's original goal was to become a "publicly known, respected and highly visible organization"〔 within months of its creation by using an "integrated program that combines a strategic, comprehensive media relations program.〔 The strategies instigated by APCO Worldwide specifically for Philip Morris through the Advancement of Sound Science Center (TASSC), were highly effective and continue to be successfully used today by many organizations seeking to counter published peer-reviewed mainstream scientific research used in formulating public policies. In a series of well-planned public education campaigns, APCO Worldwide public relations firm focused on unsettling the general public's confidence in the validity of mainstream scientific research strategically targeting main stream media stories on scientific reports (for example behind claims health and environmental risks that required regulatory policies).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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